*1053๋ฒ
a=int(input())
if a==1: print(0)
else : print(1)
*1054๋ฒ
a,b = map(int,input().split())
if a == 1 and b ==1 : print(1)
else : print(0)
*1055๋ฒ
a,b = map(int,input().split())
if a == 1 or b ==1 : print(1)
else : print(0)
*1056๋ฒ
a,b = map(int,input().split())
if a != b : print(1)
else : print(0)
*1057๋ฒ
a,b = map(int,input().split())
if a == b : print(1)
else : print(0)
*1058๋ฒ
a,b = map(int,input().split())
if a == 0 and b==0 : print(1)
else : print(0)
*C++/CPPํ์ด๋ code up ์นดํ
๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.